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| 439 |
| | | Gaiseric captures Carthage and makes it his base for Vandal raids across the Mediterranean | |
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| 451 |
| | | Attila and the Huns invade Gaul but are defeated, somewhere near Troyes, by a Roman army supported by Visigoths and Burgundians | |
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| 452 |
| | | Attila invades and ravages northern Italy, but turns back before reaching Rome - possibly influenced by the diplomacy of Leo I | |
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| 455 |
| | | Gaiseric and the Vandals enter Rome and sack the city, but their violence is perhaps restrained by Leo I | |
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| 476 |
| | | The tribal leader and mercenary Odoacer becomes king of Italy - an event often taken as defining the end of the Roman empire in the west | |
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| 753 |
| | | Pope Stephen II anoints Pepin III and his two sons (one of them Charlemagne) in the abbey church of St Denis | |
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| 771 |
| | | On the death of his brother, Charlemagne inherits the entire kingdom of the Franks | |
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| 800 |
| | | In St Peter's in Rome, on Christmas Day, pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne emperor - supposedly to Charlemagne's surprise | |
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| 805 |
| | | Pope Leo III consecrates Charlemagne's new palace chapel in Aachen, modelled on San Vitale in Ravenna | |
|  | Aachen Cathedral, Rotunda and Ambulatory
Fotofile CG
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| 962 |
| | | The imperial coronation of Otto I by Pope John XII in St Peter's puts in place the formal role of a Holy Roman emperor | |
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